اندیشه آقارخ

Abstract

The present study was conducted in order to Develop a rehabilitation program based on proximal senses and to investigate its effectiveness on improving handwriting and writing fluency of children with learning disorder. The method of conducting this research in terms of data collection was experimental research (semi-experimental) and A-B-A single subject design. The current research statistical population included all students with learning disabilities of writing type (dysgraphia) who received services in educational centers or elementary schools in Tehran in the academic year of ۲۰۲۳-۲۰۲۴. The research sample included three elementary school students who were selected by purposive sampling. For the initial assessment of handwriting and fluency, the Persian handwriting assessment tool for second and third grade students (PHAT) was used. Afterward, each subject received eight, one hour sessions of rehabilitation exercises based on the sense of touch and proprioception. At the end of the intervention and the last session, the handwriting and fluency of each subject were measured again using the Persian handwriting evaluation tool for second and third grade students (PHAT). The research results were drawn using graphs and tables. The results showed that the sensory rehabilitation program with emphasis on proximal senses is effective in improving the handwriting and writing   fluency of children with learning disabilities.

Keywords: Rehabilitation program, Proximal senses, Handwriting, Writing fluency , Learning disorder